Article & News

Rocks are naturally occurring aggregates of minerals and are classified into three main types based on their formation processes: Igneous Rocks – Formed from the

Vertebrate paleontology involves the study of fossilized bones, teeth, and traces of animals with backbones. Fossils of large mammals such as horses, elephants, camels, and

Invertebrate fossils form a substantial part of the fossil record and are key indicators in the fields of paleontology, biostratigraphy, and evolutionary biology. These organisms,

Fossils are preserved remains, impressions, or traces of organisms from the remote past, usually embedded in sedimentary rocks. Fossilization is a rare process that involves

The Earth’s biodiversity is not uniformly distributed. Instead, it varies geographically due to climatic, evolutionary, geological, and ecological factors. To study and understand these variations,

The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) provides a universal set of rules and recommendations for naming animals. It ensures that every animal species has

Taxonomic Keys: different kinds of keys and their merits and demerits Taxonomic Keys: A taxonomic key is a tool used by scientists to identify organisms

Taxonomic Procedures: Taxonomic procedures are systematic steps used by taxonomists to identify, describe, classify, and name organisms. Main Steps in Taxonomic Work: Collection of Specimens:

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. It occurs when populations of the same species become genetically different enough that they

In taxonomy and biology, scientists recognize different kinds of species based on how they are formed, how they function in nature, and their characteristics. Here

In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and biodiversity. It represents a group of individuals that: Share common characteristics, Can interbreed naturally,

Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms. In taxonomy, organisms are arranged into groups based on similarities and differences. These groups are

Statistical analysis is crucial for interpreting data collected from samples to make inferences about a larger population. Two fundamental methods for comparing group means are

Creating identification keys is a fundamental practice in taxonomy, aiding in the accurate classification of organisms based on observable characteristics. Here’s a comprehensive guide to

Gene Bank Management and Operation: Gene banks, also known as seed banks or germplasm banks, are crucial for preserving genetic diversity and ensuring the conservation