Dairy Animals Nutrition

Introduction Various classification systems are employed to differentiate feedstuffs, each according to a certain purpose. Classification of feedstuffs divided by origin into three categories: 1. Plant origin Roughage and concentrates 2. Animal origin All products have a high energy content and often a high protein content They are considered concentrates, except for poultry manure, as…

Nutrient density (digestibility) and structure value of a food are both related with CF (cell- wall) content. The higher the cell-wall content, the lower the nutrient density and the higher the structure value of a food. Nutrient density of a food is defined as its energy content per kg DM. Digestibility of a food is…

The value of protein is usually expressed as crude protein (CP) or digestible crude protein (DCP). The DCP and/or CP values are indicated: Sometimes as  %/gram CP/DCP per kg food on a wet/fresh basis, or sometimes as  the same values on a DM basis! Care should be taken! In this paper calculations will…

Introduction Expression of values are used to show the nutrient requirements and nutrient values in feedstuffs. The total value of a feedstuff in practical nutrition depends on the following factors: 1. Energy content  carbohydrates, fats, proteins & digestibility 2. Protein content  including NPN and aspects of degradability 3. Nutrient density (digestibility) and structure…

Introduction Cows are ruminants, as are goats, buffaloes, giraffes, camels and antelopes. Ruminants have the ability to digest large amounts of roughage containing high amounts of (crude) fibre and cell wall materials (cellulose, lignin). Their alimentary tract is specially adapted, and they have the following main characteristics: Absence of front teeth (incisors) in upper jaw,…

Feed Additives • Feed additives are non-nutritive products used in minute quantities to improve – Feed Quality – Nutrient utilization – Growth performance • Feed additives can boost the results of quality feeds • Most of the feed additives improve gut health Action Mechanism: In the daily feedstuff, there are some anti-nutritional factors except for…

Plant-animal relationships are fundamental to ecosystems and can be categorized into various interactions, including: 1. Pollination: Many plants rely on animals, particularly insects like bees, butterflies, and birds, to transfer pollen from one flower to another, facilitating reproduction. 2. Seed Dispersal: Animals often eat fruits and seeds, helping to disperse the seeds through their droppings….

In contrast to an animal with a monogastric digestive system, a ruminant has four stomach compartments and can utilize some feeds more efficiently than a monogastric animal. Ruminants are important to the animal industry because they can use hay and pasture productively. The Digestive Process In ruminants, the breakdown of the nutrients in feed into…

The term “monogastric” refers to the structure of the stomach. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach has a simple structure consisting of a single compartment. A number of species have a monogastric digestive system, including swine, horses, dogs, rabbits, and fowl. All of the mammals listed here have similar systems, although some minor differences…